SQL 语句快速参考

SQL 快速参考

SQL 语句 语法
AND / OR 

SELECT column_name(s)  
FROM table_name  
WHERE condition  
AND|OR condition
ALTER TABLE 

ALTER TABLE table_name  
ADD column_name datatype

or

ALTER TABLE table_name  
DROP COLUMN column_name
AS (alias) 

SELECT column_name AS column_alias  
FROM table_name

or

SELECT column_name  
FROM table_name AS table_alias
BETWEEN 

SELECT column_name(s)  
FROM table_name  
WHERE column_name  
BETWEEN value1 AND value2
CREATE DATABASE 

CREATE DATABASE database_name
CREATE TABLE 

CREATE TABLE table_name  
(  
column_name1 data_type,  
column_name2 data_type,  
column_name2 data_type,  
...  
)
CREATE INDEX 

CREATE INDEX index_name  
ON table_name (column_name)

or

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name  
ON table_name (column_name)
CREATE VIEW 

CREATE VIEW view_name AS  
SELECT column_name(s)  
FROM table_name  
WHERE condition
DELETE 

DELETE FROM table_name  
WHERE some_column=some_value

or

DELETE FROM table_name  
( **Note:** Deletes the entire table!!)

DELETE * FROM table_name  
( **Note:** Deletes the entire table!!)
DROP DATABASE DROP DATABASE database_name
DROP INDEX 

DROP INDEX table_name.index_name (SQL Server)  
DROP INDEX index_name ON table_name (MS Access)  
DROP INDEX index_name (DB2/Oracle)  
ALTER TABLE table_name  
DROP INDEX index_name (MySQL)
DROP TABLE 

DROP TABLE table_name
GROUP BY 

SELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name)  
FROM table_name  
WHERE column_name operator value  
GROUP BY column_name
HAVING 

SELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name)  
FROM table_name  
WHERE column_name operator value  
GROUP BY column_name  
HAVING aggregate_function(column_name) operator value
IN 

SELECT column_name(s)  
FROM table_name  
WHERE column_name  
IN (value1,value2,..)
INSERT INTO 

INSERT INTO table_name  
VALUES (value1, value2, value3,....)

 _or_

INSERT INTO table_name  
(column1, column2, column3,...)  
VALUES (value1, value2, value3,....)
INNER JOIN 

SELECT column_name(s)  
FROM table_name1  
INNER JOIN table_name2  
ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name
LEFT JOIN 

SELECT column_name(s)  
FROM table_name1  
LEFT JOIN table_name2  
ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name
RIGHT JOIN 

SELECT column_name(s)  
FROM table_name1  
RIGHT JOIN table_name2  
ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name
FULL JOIN 

SELECT column_name(s)  
FROM table_name1  
FULL JOIN table_name2  
ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name
LIKE 

SELECT column_name(s)  
FROM table_name  
WHERE column_nameLIKE pattern
ORDER BY 

SELECT column_name(s)  
FROM table_name  
ORDER BY column_name [ASC|DESC]
SELECT 

SELECT column_name(s)  
FROM table_name
SELECT * 

SELECT *  
FROM table_name
SELECT DISTINCT 

SELECT DISTINCT column_name(s)  
FROM table_name
SELECT INTO 

SELECT *  
INTO new_table_name [IN externaldatabase]  
FROM old_table_name

 _or_

SELECT column_name(s)  
INTO new_table_name [IN externaldatabase]  
FROM old_table_name
SELECT TOP 

SELECT TOP number|percent column_name(s)  
FROM table_name
TRUNCATE TABLE 

TRUNCATE TABLE table_name
UNION 

SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1  
UNION  
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2
UNION ALL 

SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1  
UNION ALL  
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2
UPDATE 

UPDATE table_name  
SET column1=value, column2=value,...  
WHERE some_column=some_value
WHERE 

SELECT column_name(s)  
FROM table_name  
WHERE column_name operator value