Django：验证上传文件的文件类型

小编典典

Django：验证上传文件的文件类型

django

我有一个可以让人们上传文件的应用程序，表示为UploadedFiles。但是，我要确保用户仅上传xml文件。我知道我可以使用进行此操作magic，但是我不知道将检查放在何处-据我所知，clean由于文件在clean运行时尚未上传，因此无法将其放在函数中。

这是UploadedFile模型：

class UploadedFile(models.Model):
    """This represents a file that has been uploaded to the server."""
    STATE_UPLOADED = 0
    STATE_ANNOTATED = 1
    STATE_PROCESSING = 2
    STATE_PROCESSED = 4
    STATES = (
        (STATE_UPLOADED, "Uploaded"),
        (STATE_ANNOTATED, "Annotated"),
        (STATE_PROCESSING, "Processing"),
        (STATE_PROCESSED, "Processed"),
    )

    status = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=STATES,
        default=0, blank=True, null=True) 
    file = models.FileField(upload_to=settings.XML_ROOT)
    project = models.ForeignKey(Project)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.file.name

    def name(self):
        return os.path.basename(self.file.name)

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        if not self.status:
            self.status = self.STATE_UPLOADED
        super(UploadedFile, self).save(*args, **kwargs)

    def delete(self, *args, **kwargs):
        os.remove(self.file.path)
        self.file.delete(False)
        super(UploadedFile, self).delete(*args, **kwargs)

    def get_absolute_url(self):
        return u'/upload/projects/%d' % self.id

    def clean(self):
        if not "XML" in magic.from_file(self.file.url):
            raise ValidationError(u'Not an xml file.')

class UploadedFileForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:                
        model = UploadedFile
        exclude = ('project',)

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2020-04-02

小编典典

对于后代：解决方案是使用read方法并将其传递给magic.from_buffer。

class UploadedFileForm(ModelForm):
    def clean_file(self):
        file = self.cleaned_data.get("file", False)
        filetype = magic.from_buffer(file.read())
        if not "XML" in filetype:
            raise ValidationError("File is not XML.")
        return file

    class Meta:
        model = models.UploadedFile
        exclude = ('project',)

2020-04-02

小编典典

验证文件是一个常见的挑战，因此我想使用一个验证器：

import magic

from django.utils.deconstruct import deconstructible
from django.template.defaultfilters import filesizeformat

@deconstructible
class FileValidator(object):
    error_messages = {
     'max_size': ("Ensure this file size is not greater than %(max_size)s."
                  " Your file size is %(size)s."),
     'min_size': ("Ensure this file size is not less than %(min_size)s. "
                  "Your file size is %(size)s."),
     'content_type': "Files of type %(content_type)s are not supported.",
    }

    def __init__(self, max_size=None, min_size=None, content_types=()):
        self.max_size = max_size
        self.min_size = min_size
        self.content_types = content_types

    def __call__(self, data):
        if self.max_size is not None and data.size > self.max_size:
            params = {
                'max_size': filesizeformat(self.max_size), 
                'size': filesizeformat(data.size),
            }
            raise ValidationError(self.error_messages['max_size'],
                                   'max_size', params)

        if self.min_size is not None and data.size < self.min_size:
            params = {
                'min_size': filesizeformat(self.min_size),
                'size': filesizeformat(data.size)
            }
            raise ValidationError(self.error_messages['min_size'], 
                                   'min_size', params)

        if self.content_types:
            content_type = magic.from_buffer(data.read(), mime=True)
            data.seek(0)

            if content_type not in self.content_types:
                params = { 'content_type': content_type }
                raise ValidationError(self.error_messages['content_type'],
                                   'content_type', params)

    def __eq__(self, other):
        return (
            isinstance(other, FileValidator) and
            self.max_size == other.max_size and
            self.min_size == other.min_size and
            self.content_types == other.content_types
        )

然后，您可以FileValidator在中model.FileField或forms.FileField按以下方式使用：

validate_file = FileValidator(max_size=1024 * 100, 
                             content_types=('application/xml',))
file = models.FileField(upload_to=settings.XML_ROOT, 
                        validators=[validate_file])

2020-04-02

Django：验证上传文件的文件类型

共2个答案