Python errno 模块，EACCES 实例源码

def safe_listdir(path):
    """
    Attempt to list contents of path, but suppress some exceptions.
    """
    try:
        return os.listdir(path)
    except (PermissionError, NotADirectoryError):
        pass
    except OSError as e:
        # Ignore the directory if does not exist, not a directory or
        # permission denied
        ignorable = (
            e.errno in (errno.ENOTDIR, errno.EACCES, errno.ENOENT)
            # Python 2 on Windows needs to be handled this way :(
            or getattr(e, "winerror", None) == 267
        )
        if not ignorable:
            raise
    return ()

def __init__(self, path, factory=None, create=True):
        """Initialize a single-file mailbox."""
        Mailbox.__init__(self, path, factory, create)
        try:
            f = open(self._path, 'rb+')
        except IOError, e:
            if e.errno == errno.ENOENT:
                if create:
                    f = open(self._path, 'wb+')
                else:
                    raise NoSuchMailboxError(self._path)
            elif e.errno in (errno.EACCES, errno.EROFS):
                f = open(self._path, 'rb')
            else:
                raise
        self._file = f
        self._toc = None
        self._next_key = 0
        self._pending = False   # No changes require rewriting the file.
        self._locked = False
        self._file_length = None        # Used to record mailbox size

def __init__(self, debug=False, logfile=None):
        logging.Logger.__init__(self, 'VirtualBMC')
        try:
            if logfile is not None:
                self.handler = logging.FileHandler(logfile)
            else:
                self.handler = logging.StreamHandler()

            formatter = logging.Formatter(DEFAULT_LOG_FORMAT)
            self.handler.setFormatter(formatter)
            self.addHandler(self.handler)

            if debug:
                self.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
            else:
                self.setLevel(logging.INFO)

        except IOError, e:
            if e.errno == errno.EACCES:
                pass

def safe_listdir(path):
    """
    Attempt to list contents of path, but suppress some exceptions.
    """
    try:
        return os.listdir(path)
    except (PermissionError, NotADirectoryError):
        pass
    except OSError as e:
        # Ignore the directory if does not exist, not a directory or
        # permission denied
        ignorable = (
            e.errno in (errno.ENOTDIR, errno.EACCES, errno.ENOENT)
            # Python 2 on Windows needs to be handled this way :(
            or getattr(e, "winerror", None) == 267
        )
        if not ignorable:
            raise
    return ()

def live(self):
        if not self.proc_path:
            return
        self.info("Proc path: %s" % self.proc_path)

        key = choice(self.proc_keys)
        filename = path_join(self.proc_path, key)
        data = self.generator.createValue()
        self.info("Write data in %s: (len=%s) %r"
            % (filename, len(data), data))
        try:
            output = open(filename, 'w')
            output.write(data)
            output.close()
        except IOError, err:
            if err.errno in (EINVAL, EPERM):
                pass
            elif err.errno in (ENOENT, EACCES):
                self.error("Unable to write %s: %s" % (filename, err))
                self.removeKey(key)
            else:
                raise

def readBytes(self, address, size):
            debug("Read %s bytes at %s" % (size, formatAddress(address)))

            if not self.read_mem_file:
                filename = '/proc/%u/mem' % self.pid
                try:
                    self.read_mem_file = open(filename, 'rb', 0)
                except IOError, err:
                    message = "Unable to open %s: fallback to ptrace implementation" % filename
                    if err.errno != EACCES:
                        error(message)
                    else:
                        info(message)
                    self.readBytes = self._readBytes
                    return self.readBytes(address, size)

            try:
                mem = self.read_mem_file
                mem.seek(address)
                return mem.read(size)
            except (IOError, ValueError), err:
                raise ProcessError(self, "readBytes(%s, %s) error: %s" % (
                    formatAddress(address), size, err))

def get_free_port(port, port_retries):
    for port in random_ports(port, port_retries+1):
        try:
            s = socket.socket()
            s.bind(('', port))
            port = s.getsockname()[1]
            s.close()
            return port
        except socket.error as e:
            if e.errno == errno.EADDRINUSE:
                print('The port %i is already in use, trying another port.' % port)
                continue
            elif e.errno in (errno.EACCES, getattr(errno, 'WSAEACCES', errno.EACCES)):
                print("Permission to listen on port %i denied" % port)
                continue
            else:
                raise
    return None

# http://stackoverflow.com/questions/13593223/making-sure-a-python-script-with-subprocesses-dies-on-sigint

def set_directory(self, directory):
        """Set the directory where the downloaded file will be placed.

        May raise OSError if the supplied directory path is not suitable.
        """
        if not path.exists(directory):
            raise OSError(errno.ENOENT, "You see no directory there.",
                          directory)
        if not path.isdir(directory):
            raise OSError(errno.ENOTDIR, "You cannot put a file into "
                          "something which is not a directory.",
                          directory)
        if not os.access(directory, os.X_OK | os.W_OK):
            raise OSError(errno.EACCES,
                          "This directory is too hard to write in to.",
                          directory)
        self.destDir = directory

def _testDetectFilesRemoved(self):
        writeFileName = sibpath(plugins.__file__, 'pluginextra.py')
        try:
            wf = file(writeFileName, 'w')
        except IOError, ioe:
            if ioe.errno == errno.EACCES:
                raise unittest.SkipTest(
                    "No permission to add things to twisted.plugins")
            else:
                raise
        else:
            try:
                wf.write(begintest)
                wf.close()

                # Generate a cache with pluginextra in it.
                list(plugin.getPlugins(plugin.ITestPlugin))

            finally:
                self._unimportPythonModule(
                    sys.modules['twisted.plugins.pluginextra'],
                    True)
            plgs = list(plugin.getPlugins(plugin.ITestPlugin))
            self.assertEquals(1, len(plgs))

def _mkstemp_inner(dir, pre, suf, flags):
    """Code common to mkstemp, TemporaryFile, and NamedTemporaryFile."""

    names = _get_candidate_names()

    for seq in xrange(TMP_MAX):
        name = names.next()
        file = _os.path.join(dir, pre + name + suf)
        try:
            fd = _os.open(file, flags, 0600)
            _set_cloexec(fd)
            return (fd, _os.path.abspath(file))
        except OSError, e:
            if e.errno == _errno.EEXIST:
                continue # try again
            if _os.name == 'nt' and e.errno == _errno.EACCES:
                # On windows, when a directory with the chosen name already
                # exists, EACCES error code is returned instead of EEXIST.
                continue
            raise

    raise IOError, (_errno.EEXIST, "No usable temporary file name found")


# User visible interfaces.

def __init__(self, path, factory=None, create=True):
        """Initialize a single-file mailbox."""
        Mailbox.__init__(self, path, factory, create)
        try:
            f = open(self._path, 'rb+')
        except IOError, e:
            if e.errno == errno.ENOENT:
                if create:
                    f = open(self._path, 'wb+')
                else:
                    raise NoSuchMailboxError(self._path)
            elif e.errno in (errno.EACCES, errno.EROFS):
                f = open(self._path, 'rb')
            else:
                raise
        self._file = f
        self._toc = None
        self._next_key = 0
        self._pending = False       # No changes require rewriting the file.
        self._pending_sync = False  # No need to sync the file
        self._locked = False
        self._file_length = None    # Used to record mailbox size

def acquire(self, blocking=False):
        import fcntl  # @UnresolvedImport

        flags = os.O_CREAT | os.O_WRONLY
        self.fd = os.open(self.filename, flags)

        mode = fcntl.LOCK_EX
        if not blocking:
            mode |= fcntl.LOCK_NB

        try:
            fcntl.flock(self.fd, mode)
            self.locked = True
            return True
        except IOError:
            e = sys.exc_info()[1]
            if e.errno not in (errno.EAGAIN, errno.EACCES):
                raise
            os.close(self.fd)
            self.fd = None
            return False

def acquire(self, blocking=False):
        import msvcrt  # @UnresolvedImport

        flags = os.O_CREAT | os.O_WRONLY
        mode = msvcrt.LK_NBLCK
        if blocking:
            mode = msvcrt.LK_LOCK

        self.fd = os.open(self.filename, flags)
        try:
            msvcrt.locking(self.fd, mode, 1)
            return True
        except IOError:
            e = sys.exc_info()[1]
            if e.errno not in (errno.EAGAIN, errno.EACCES, errno.EDEADLK):
                raise
            os.close(self.fd)
            self.fd = None
            return False

def _try_acquire(self, blocking, watch):
        try:
            self.trylock()
        except IOError as e:
            if e.errno in (errno.EACCES, errno.EAGAIN):
                if not blocking or watch.expired():
                    return False
                else:
                    raise _utils.RetryAgain()
            else:
                raise threading.ThreadError("Unable to acquire lock on"
                                            " `%(path)s` due to"
                                            " %(exception)s" %
                                            {
                                                'path': self.path,
                                                'exception': e,
                                            })
        else:
            return True

def get_all_inodes(self):
        inodes = {}
        for pid in pids():
            try:
                inodes.update(self.get_proc_inodes(pid))
            except OSError as err:
                # os.listdir() is gonna raise a lot of access denied
                # exceptions in case of unprivileged user; that's fine
                # as we'll just end up returning a connection with PID
                # and fd set to None anyway.
                # Both netstat -an and lsof does the same so it's
                # unlikely we can do any better.
                # ENOENT just means a PID disappeared on us.
                if err.errno not in (
                        errno.ENOENT, errno.ESRCH, errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
                    raise
        return inodes

def wrap_exceptions(fun):
    """Decorator which translates bare OSError and IOError exceptions
    into NoSuchProcess and AccessDenied.
    """
    @functools.wraps(fun)
    def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
        try:
            return fun(self, *args, **kwargs)
        except EnvironmentError as err:
            # ENOENT (no such file or directory) gets raised on open().
            # ESRCH (no such process) can get raised on read() if
            # process is gone in meantime.
            if err.errno in (errno.ENOENT, errno.ESRCH):
                raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
            if err.errno in (errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
                raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
            raise
    return wrapper

def exe(self):
        try:
            return readlink("%s/%s/exe" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid))
        except OSError as err:
            if err.errno in (errno.ENOENT, errno.ESRCH):
                # no such file error; might be raised also if the
                # path actually exists for system processes with
                # low pids (about 0-20)
                if os.path.lexists("%s/%s" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)):
                    return ""
                else:
                    if not pid_exists(self.pid):
                        raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
                    else:
                        raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid)
            if err.errno in (errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
                raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
            raise

def wrap_exceptions(fun):
    """Decorator which translates bare OSError exceptions into
    NoSuchProcess and AccessDenied.
    """
    @functools.wraps(fun)
    def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
        try:
            return fun(self, *args, **kwargs)
        except OSError as err:
            if err.errno == errno.ESRCH:
                if not pid_exists(self.pid):
                    raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
                else:
                    raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid)
            if err.errno in (errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
                raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
            raise
    return wrapper

def wrap_exceptions(fun):
    """Decorator which translates bare OSError exceptions into
    NoSuchProcess and AccessDenied.
    """
    @functools.wraps(fun)
    def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
        try:
            return fun(self, *args, **kwargs)
        except OSError as err:
            if err.errno == errno.ESRCH:
                if not pid_exists(self.pid):
                    raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
                else:
                    raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid)
            if err.errno in (errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
                raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
            raise
    return wrapper

def _send_signal(self, sig):
            if self.pid == 0:
                # see "man 2 kill"
                raise ValueError(
                    "preventing sending signal to process with PID 0 as it "
                    "would affect every process in the process group of the "
                    "calling process (os.getpid()) instead of PID 0")
            try:
                os.kill(self.pid, sig)
            except OSError as err:
                if err.errno == errno.ESRCH:
                    if OPENBSD and pid_exists(self.pid):
                        # We do this because os.kill() lies in case of
                        # zombie processes.
                        raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid)
                    else:
                        self._gone = True
                        raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
                if err.errno in (errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
                    raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
                raise

def wrap_exceptions(fun):
    """Call callable into a try/except clause and translate ENOENT,
    EACCES and EPERM in NoSuchProcess or AccessDenied exceptions.
    """

    def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
        try:
            return fun(self, *args, **kwargs)
        except EnvironmentError as err:
            # ENOENT (no such file or directory) gets raised on open().
            # ESRCH (no such process) can get raised on read() if
            # process is gone in meantime.
            if err.errno in (errno.ENOENT, errno.ESRCH):
                if not pid_exists(self.pid):
                    raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
                else:
                    raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid)
            if err.errno in (errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
                raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
            raise
    return wrapper

def get_all_inodes(self):
        inodes = {}
        for pid in pids():
            try:
                inodes.update(self.get_proc_inodes(pid))
            except OSError as err:
                # os.listdir() is gonna raise a lot of access denied
                # exceptions in case of unprivileged user; that's fine
                # as we'll just end up returning a connection with PID
                # and fd set to None anyway.
                # Both netstat -an and lsof does the same so it's
                # unlikely we can do any better.
                # ENOENT just means a PID disappeared on us.
                if err.errno not in (
                        errno.ENOENT, errno.ESRCH, errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
                    raise
        return inodes

def exe(self):
        try:
            return readlink("%s/%s/exe" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid))
        except OSError as err:
            if err.errno in (errno.ENOENT, errno.ESRCH):
                # no such file error; might be raised also if the
                # path actually exists for system processes with
                # low pids (about 0-20)
                if os.path.lexists("%s/%s" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)):
                    return ""
                else:
                    if not pid_exists(self.pid):
                        raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
                    else:
                        raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid)
            if err.errno in (errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
                raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
            raise

def wrap_exceptions(fun):
    """Decorator which translates bare OSError exceptions into
    NoSuchProcess and AccessDenied.
    """
    @functools.wraps(fun)
    def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
        try:
            return fun(self, *args, **kwargs)
        except OSError as err:
            if err.errno == errno.ESRCH:
                if not pid_exists(self.pid):
                    raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
                else:
                    raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid)
            if err.errno in (errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
                raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
            raise
    return wrapper

def _send_signal(self, sig):
            if self.pid == 0:
                # see "man 2 kill"
                raise ValueError(
                    "preventing sending signal to process with PID 0 as it "
                    "would affect every process in the process group of the "
                    "calling process (os.getpid()) instead of PID 0")
            try:
                os.kill(self.pid, sig)
            except OSError as err:
                if err.errno == errno.ESRCH:
                    if OPENBSD and pid_exists(self.pid):
                        # We do this because os.kill() lies in case of
                        # zombie processes.
                        raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid)
                    else:
                        self._gone = True
                        raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
                if err.errno in (errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
                    raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
                raise

def wrap_exceptions(fun):
    """Call callable into a try/except clause and translate ENOENT,
    EACCES and EPERM in NoSuchProcess or AccessDenied exceptions.
    """
    def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
        try:
            return fun(self, *args, **kwargs)
        except EnvironmentError as err:
            # ENOENT (no such file or directory) gets raised on open().
            # ESRCH (no such process) can get raised on read() if
            # process is gone in meantime.
            if err.errno in (errno.ENOENT, errno.ESRCH):
                if not pid_exists(self.pid):
                    raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
                else:
                    raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid)
            if err.errno in (errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
                raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
            raise
    return wrapper

def __init__(self, debug=False, logfile=None):
        logging.Logger.__init__(self, 'VirtualBMC')
        try:
            if logfile is not None:
                self.handler = logging.FileHandler(logfile)
            else:
                self.handler = logging.StreamHandler()

            formatter = logging.Formatter(DEFAULT_LOG_FORMAT)
            self.handler.setFormatter(formatter)
            self.addHandler(self.handler)

            if debug:
                self.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
            else:
                self.setLevel(logging.INFO)

        except IOError as e:
            if e.errno == errno.EACCES:
                pass

def convert_errno(e):
        """
        Convert an errno value (as from an C{OSError} or C{IOError}) into a
        standard SFTP result code.  This is a convenience function for trapping
        exceptions in server code and returning an appropriate result.

        @param e: an errno code, as from C{OSError.errno}.
        @type e: int
        @return: an SFTP error code like L{SFTP_NO_SUCH_FILE}.
        @rtype: int
        """
        if e == errno.EACCES:
            # permission denied
            return SFTP_PERMISSION_DENIED
        elif (e == errno.ENOENT) or (e == errno.ENOTDIR):
            # no such file
            return SFTP_NO_SUCH_FILE
        else:
            return SFTP_FAILURE

def _convert_status(self, msg):
        """
        Raises EOFError or IOError on error status; otherwise does nothing.
        """
        code = msg.get_int()
        text = msg.get_string()
        if code == SFTP_OK:
            return
        elif code == SFTP_EOF:
            raise EOFError(text)
        elif code == SFTP_NO_SUCH_FILE:
            # clever idea from john a. meinel: map the error codes to errno
            raise IOError(errno.ENOENT, text)
        elif code == SFTP_PERMISSION_DENIED:
            raise IOError(errno.EACCES, text)
        else:
            raise IOError(text)

def _try_acquire(self, blocking, watch):
        try:
            self.trylock()
        except IOError as e:
            if e.errno in (errno.EACCES, errno.EAGAIN):
                if not blocking or watch.expired():
                    return False
                else:
                    raise _utils.RetryAgain()
            else:
                raise threading.ThreadError("Unable to acquire lock on"
                                            " `%(path)s` due to"
                                            " %(exception)s" %
                                            {
                                                'path': self.path,
                                                'exception': e,
                                            })
        else:
            return True

def _try_except_permissionerror_iter(try_iter, except_iter):
    if sys.version_info >= (3, 3):
        try:
            for x in try_iter():
                yield x
        except PermissionError as exc:
            for x in except_iter(exc):
                yield x
    else:
        try:
            for x in try_iter():
                yield x
        except EnvironmentError as exc:
            if exc.errno not in (EPERM, EACCES):
                raise
            else:
                for x in except_iter(exc):
                    yield x

def test_bind_by_addr(self, llc, raw, ldl, dlc):
            llc.bind(raw, 16)
            assert llc.getsockname(raw) == 16
            for i, sock in enumerate([ldl, dlc]):
                with pytest.raises(nfc.llcp.Error) as excinfo:
                    llc.bind(sock, 16)
                assert excinfo.value.errno == errno.EACCES
            llc.bind(ldl, 63)
            assert llc.getsockname(ldl) == 63
            with pytest.raises(nfc.llcp.Error) as excinfo:
                llc.bind(dlc, 63)
            assert excinfo.value.errno == errno.EADDRINUSE
            with pytest.raises(nfc.llcp.Error) as excinfo:
                llc.bind(dlc, 64)
            assert excinfo.value.errno == errno.EFAULT
            with pytest.raises(nfc.llcp.Error) as excinfo:
                llc.bind(dlc, -1)
            assert excinfo.value.errno == errno.EFAULT
            llc.bind(dlc, 62)
            assert llc.getsockname(dlc) == 62

def test_selector_error(self):
        s = self.make_selector()
        rd, wr = self.make_socketpair()
        s.register(rd, selectors2.EVENT_READ)

        def alarm_exception(*args):
            err = OSError()
            err.errno = errno.EACCES
            raise err

        self.set_alarm(SHORT_SELECT, alarm_exception)

        try:
            s.select(LONG_SELECT)
        except OSError as e:
            self.assertEqual(e.errno, errno.EACCES)
        except Exception as e:
            self.fail("Raised incorrect exception: " + str(e))
        else:
            self.fail("select() didn't raise OSError")

    # Test ensures that _syscall_wrapper properly raises the
    # exception that is raised from an interrupt handler.

def send(self, req, **kwargs):

        resp = requests.Response()
        try:
            resp.raw = urlopen(req.url)
            content_length = resp.raw.headers.get('content-length')
            if content_length is not None:
                resp.headers['Content-Length'] = content_length
        except IOError as e:
            if e.errno == errno.EACCES:
                resp.status_code = requests.codes.forbidden
            elif e.errno == errno.ENOENT:
                resp.status_code = requests.codes.not_found
            else:
                resp.status_code = requests.codes.bad_request
        except OSError:
                resp.status_code = requests.codes.bad_request
        else:
            resp.status_code = requests.codes.ok

        return resp

def get_all_inodes(self):
        inodes = {}
        for pid in pids():
            try:
                inodes.update(self.get_proc_inodes(pid))
            except OSError as err:
                # os.listdir() is gonna raise a lot of access denied
                # exceptions in case of unprivileged user; that's fine
                # as we'll just end up returning a connection with PID
                # and fd set to None anyway.
                # Both netstat -an and lsof does the same so it's
                # unlikely we can do any better.
                # ENOENT just means a PID disappeared on us.
                if err.errno not in (
                        errno.ENOENT, errno.ESRCH, errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
                    raise
        return inodes

def wrap_exceptions(fun):
    """Decorator which translates bare OSError and IOError exceptions
    into NoSuchProcess and AccessDenied.
    """
    @functools.wraps(fun)
    def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
        try:
            return fun(self, *args, **kwargs)
        except EnvironmentError as err:
            # ENOENT (no such file or directory) gets raised on open().
            # ESRCH (no such process) can get raised on read() if
            # process is gone in meantime.
            if err.errno in (errno.ENOENT, errno.ESRCH):
                raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
            if err.errno in (errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
                raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
            raise
    return wrapper

def exe(self):
        try:
            return readlink("%s/%s/exe" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid))
        except OSError as err:
            if err.errno in (errno.ENOENT, errno.ESRCH):
                # no such file error; might be raised also if the
                # path actually exists for system processes with
                # low pids (about 0-20)
                if os.path.lexists("%s/%s" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)):
                    return ""
                else:
                    if not pid_exists(self.pid):
                        raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
                    else:
                        raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid)
            if err.errno in (errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
                raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
            raise

def wrap_exceptions(fun):
    """Decorator which translates bare OSError exceptions into
    NoSuchProcess and AccessDenied.
    """
    @functools.wraps(fun)
    def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
        try:
            return fun(self, *args, **kwargs)
        except OSError as err:
            if err.errno == errno.ESRCH:
                if not pid_exists(self.pid):
                    raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
                else:
                    raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid)
            if err.errno in (errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
                raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
            raise
    return wrapper

def wrap_exceptions(fun):
    """Decorator which translates bare OSError exceptions into
    NoSuchProcess and AccessDenied.
    """
    @functools.wraps(fun)
    def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
        try:
            return fun(self, *args, **kwargs)
        except OSError as err:
            if err.errno == errno.ESRCH:
                if not pid_exists(self.pid):
                    raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
                else:
                    raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid)
            if err.errno in (errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
                raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
            raise
    return wrapper

def _send_signal(self, sig):
            if self.pid == 0:
                # see "man 2 kill"
                raise ValueError(
                    "preventing sending signal to process with PID 0 as it "
                    "would affect every process in the process group of the "
                    "calling process (os.getpid()) instead of PID 0")
            try:
                os.kill(self.pid, sig)
            except OSError as err:
                if err.errno == errno.ESRCH:
                    if OPENBSD and pid_exists(self.pid):
                        # We do this because os.kill() lies in case of
                        # zombie processes.
                        raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid)
                    else:
                        self._gone = True
                        raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
                if err.errno in (errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
                    raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
                raise

def wrap_exceptions(fun):
    """Call callable into a try/except clause and translate ENOENT,
    EACCES and EPERM in NoSuchProcess or AccessDenied exceptions.
    """

    def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
        try:
            return fun(self, *args, **kwargs)
        except EnvironmentError as err:
            # ENOENT (no such file or directory) gets raised on open().
            # ESRCH (no such process) can get raised on read() if
            # process is gone in meantime.
            if err.errno in (errno.ENOENT, errno.ESRCH):
                if not pid_exists(self.pid):
                    raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
                else:
                    raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid)
            if err.errno in (errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
                raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
            raise
    return wrapper

def get_all_inodes(self):
        inodes = {}
        for pid in pids():
            try:
                inodes.update(self.get_proc_inodes(pid))
            except OSError as err:
                # os.listdir() is gonna raise a lot of access denied
                # exceptions in case of unprivileged user; that's fine
                # as we'll just end up returning a connection with PID
                # and fd set to None anyway.
                # Both netstat -an and lsof does the same so it's
                # unlikely we can do any better.
                # ENOENT just means a PID disappeared on us.
                if err.errno not in (
                        errno.ENOENT, errno.ESRCH, errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
                    raise
        return inodes

def exe(self):
        try:
            return readlink("%s/%s/exe" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid))
        except OSError as err:
            if err.errno in (errno.ENOENT, errno.ESRCH):
                # no such file error; might be raised also if the
                # path actually exists for system processes with
                # low pids (about 0-20)
                if os.path.lexists("%s/%s" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)):
                    return ""
                else:
                    if not pid_exists(self.pid):
                        raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
                    else:
                        raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid)
            if err.errno in (errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
                raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
            raise

def wrap_exceptions(fun):
    """Decorator which translates bare OSError exceptions into
    NoSuchProcess and AccessDenied.
    """
    @functools.wraps(fun)
    def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
        try:
            return fun(self, *args, **kwargs)
        except OSError as err:
            if err.errno == errno.ESRCH:
                if not pid_exists(self.pid):
                    raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
                else:
                    raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid)
            if err.errno in (errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
                raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
            raise
    return wrapper

def _send_signal(self, sig):
            if self.pid == 0:
                # see "man 2 kill"
                raise ValueError(
                    "preventing sending signal to process with PID 0 as it "
                    "would affect every process in the process group of the "
                    "calling process (os.getpid()) instead of PID 0")
            try:
                os.kill(self.pid, sig)
            except OSError as err:
                if err.errno == errno.ESRCH:
                    if OPENBSD and pid_exists(self.pid):
                        # We do this because os.kill() lies in case of
                        # zombie processes.
                        raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid)
                    else:
                        self._gone = True
                        raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
                if err.errno in (errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
                    raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
                raise

def wrap_exceptions(fun):
    """Call callable into a try/except clause and translate ENOENT,
    EACCES and EPERM in NoSuchProcess or AccessDenied exceptions.
    """
    def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
        try:
            return fun(self, *args, **kwargs)
        except EnvironmentError as err:
            # ENOENT (no such file or directory) gets raised on open().
            # ESRCH (no such process) can get raised on read() if
            # process is gone in meantime.
            if err.errno in (errno.ENOENT, errno.ESRCH):
                if not pid_exists(self.pid):
                    raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
                else:
                    raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid)
            if err.errno in (errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
                raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
            raise
    return wrapper

def test_non_retryable_exception_handling(self):
        """
        Tests a resumable upload that fails with a non-retryable exception
        """
        harness = CallbackTestHarness(
            exception=OSError(errno.EACCES, 'Permission denied'))
        res_upload_handler = ResumableUploadHandler(num_retries=1)
        small_src_file_as_string, small_src_file = self.make_small_file()
        small_src_file.seek(0)
        dst_key = self._MakeKey(set_contents=False)
        try:
            dst_key.set_contents_from_file(
                small_src_file, cb=harness.call,
                res_upload_handler=res_upload_handler)
            self.fail('Did not get expected OSError')
        except OSError, e:
            # Ensure the error was re-raised.
            self.assertEqual(e.errno, 13)

def test_non_retryable_exception_handling(self):
        """
        Tests resumable download that fails with a non-retryable exception
        """
        harness = CallbackTestHarness(
            exception=OSError(errno.EACCES, 'Permission denied'))
        res_download_handler = ResumableDownloadHandler(num_retries=1)
        dst_fp = self.make_dst_fp()
        small_src_key_as_string, small_src_key = self.make_small_key()
        try:
            small_src_key.get_contents_to_file(
                dst_fp, cb=harness.call,
                res_download_handler=res_download_handler)
            self.fail('Did not get expected OSError')
        except OSError, e:
            # Ensure the error was re-raised.
            self.assertEqual(e.errno, 13)

def test_get_ioerror_slow_path(cache):
    cache.reset('eviction_policy', 'least-recently-used')
    cache.set(0, 0)

    disk = mock.Mock()
    put = mock.Mock()
    fetch = mock.Mock()

    disk.put = put
    put.side_effect = [(0, True)]
    disk.fetch = fetch
    io_error = IOError()
    io_error.errno = errno.EACCES
    fetch.side_effect = io_error

    with mock.patch.object(cache, '_disk', disk):
        cache.get(0)

def test_pop_ioerror_eacces(cache):
    assert cache.set(0, 0)

    disk = mock.Mock()
    put = mock.Mock()
    fetch = mock.Mock()

    disk.put = put
    put.side_effect = [(0, True)]
    disk.fetch = fetch
    io_error = IOError()
    io_error.errno = errno.EACCES
    fetch.side_effect = io_error

    with mock.patch.object(cache, '_disk', disk):
        cache.pop(0)