我们从Python开源项目中，提取了以下25个代码示例，用于说明如何使用matplotlib.pylab()。
def activate_matplotlib(backend): """Activate the given backend and set interactive to True.""" import matplotlib matplotlib.interactive(True) # Matplotlib had a bug where even switch_backend could not force # the rcParam to update. This needs to be set *before* the module # magic of switch_backend(). matplotlib.rcParams['backend'] = backend import matplotlib.pyplot matplotlib.pyplot.switch_backend(backend) # This must be imported last in the matplotlib series, after # backend/interactivity choices have been made import matplotlib.pylab as pylab pylab.show._needmain = False # We need to detect at runtime whether show() is called by the user. # For this, we wrap it into a decorator which adds a 'called' flag. pylab.draw_if_interactive = flag_calls(pylab.draw_if_interactive)
def test_abu_evolution(self): from nugridpy import ppn, utils import matplotlib matplotlib.use('agg') import matplotlib.pylab as mpy import os # Perform tests within temporary directory with TemporaryDirectory() as tdir: # wget the data for a ppn run from the CADC VOspace os.system("wget -q --content-disposition --directory '" + tdir + "' "\ + "'http://www.canfar.phys.uvic.ca/vospace/synctrans?TARGET="\ + "vos%3A%2F%2Fcadc.nrc.ca%21vospace%2Fnugrid%2Fdata%2Fprojects%2Fppn%2Fexamples%2F"\ + "ppn_Hburn_simple%2Fx-time.dat&DIRECTION=pullFromVoSpace&PROTOCOL"\ + "=ivo%3A%2F%2Fivoa.net%2Fvospace%2Fcore%23httpget'") #nugrid_dir= os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(ppn.__file__)) #NuPPN_dir= nugrid_dir + "/NuPPN" #test_data_dir= NuPPN_dir + "/examples/ppn_Hburn_simple/RUN_MASTER" symbs=utils.symbol_list('lines2') x=ppn.xtime(tdir) specs=['PROT','HE 4','C 12','N 14','O 16'] i=0 for spec in specs: x.plot('time',spec,logy=True,logx=True,shape=utils.linestyle(i)[0],show=False,title='') i += 1 mpy.ylim(-5,0.2) mpy.legend(loc=0) mpy.xlabel('$\log t / \mathrm{min}$') mpy.ylabel('$\log X \mathrm{[mass fraction]}$') abu_evol_file = 'abu_evolution.png' mpy.savefig(abu_evol_file) self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(abu_evol_file))
def find_gui_and_backend(gui=None, gui_select=None): """Given a gui string return the gui and mpl backend. Parameters ---------- gui : str Can be one of ('tk','gtk','wx','qt','qt4','inline','agg'). gui_select : str Can be one of ('tk','gtk','wx','qt','qt4','inline'). This is any gui already selected by the shell. Returns ------- A tuple of (gui, backend) where backend is one of ('TkAgg','GTKAgg', 'WXAgg','Qt4Agg','module://ipykernel.pylab.backend_inline','agg'). """ import matplotlib if gui and gui != 'auto': # select backend based on requested gui backend = backends[gui] if gui == 'agg': gui = None else: # We need to read the backend from the original data structure, *not* # from mpl.rcParams, since a prior invocation of %matplotlib may have # overwritten that. # WARNING: this assumes matplotlib 1.1 or newer!! backend = matplotlib.rcParamsOrig['backend'] # In this case, we need to find what the appropriate gui selection call # should be for IPython, so we can activate inputhook accordingly gui = backend2gui.get(backend, None) # If we have already had a gui active, we need it and inline are the # ones allowed. if gui_select and gui != gui_select: gui = gui_select backend = backends[gui] return gui, backend
def import_pylab(user_ns, import_all=True): """Populate the namespace with pylab-related values. Imports matplotlib, pylab, numpy, and everything from pylab and numpy. Also imports a few names from IPython (figsize, display, getfigs) """ # Import numpy as np/pyplot as plt are conventions we're trying to # somewhat standardize on. Making them available to users by default # will greatly help this. s = ("import numpy\n" "import matplotlib\n" "from matplotlib import pylab, mlab, pyplot\n" "np = numpy\n" "plt = pyplot\n" ) exec(s, user_ns) if import_all: s = ("from matplotlib.pylab import *\n" "from numpy import *\n") exec(s, user_ns) # IPython symbols to add user_ns['figsize'] = figsize from IPython.core.display import display # Add display and getfigs to the user's namespace user_ns['display'] = display user_ns['getfigs'] = getfigs
def setup_matplotlib(kernel): """ Prepare matplotlib inline backend for use @param kernel: reference to the kernel using the backend """ import matplotlib import matplotlib.pyplot matplotlib.pyplot.switch_backend('module://logic.jupyterkernel.mpl.backend_inline') import matplotlib.pylab as pylab from matplotlib.backends.backend_agg import new_figure_manager, FigureCanvasAgg # analysis: ignore from matplotlib._pylab_helpers import Gcf from logic.jupyterkernel.mpl.backend_inline import InlineBackend cfg = InlineBackend.instance() matplotlib.pyplot.rcParams.update(cfg.rc) # IPython symbols to add #kernel.user_ns['figsize'] = figsize # Add display and getfigs to the user's namespace #kernel.user_ns['display'] = display_data #kernel.user_ns['getfigs'] = getfigs import logic.jupyterkernel.mpl.backend_inline as bi bi.qudikernel = kernel kernel.events.register('post_execute', bi.flush_figures)
def find_gui_and_backend(gui=None, gui_select=None): """Given a gui string return the gui and mpl backend. Parameters ---------- gui : str Can be one of ('tk','gtk','wx','qt','qt4','inline'). gui_select : str Can be one of ('tk','gtk','wx','qt','qt4','inline'). This is any gui already selected by the shell. Returns ------- A tuple of (gui, backend) where backend is one of ('TkAgg','GTKAgg', 'WXAgg','Qt4Agg','module://ipykernel.pylab.backend_inline'). """ import matplotlib if gui and gui != 'auto': # select backend based on requested gui backend = backends[gui] else: # We need to read the backend from the original data structure, *not* # from mpl.rcParams, since a prior invocation of %matplotlib may have # overwritten that. # WARNING: this assumes matplotlib 1.1 or newer!! backend = matplotlib.rcParamsOrig['backend'] # In this case, we need to find what the appropriate gui selection call # should be for IPython, so we can activate inputhook accordingly gui = backend2gui.get(backend, None) # If we have already had a gui active, we need it and inline are the # ones allowed. if gui_select and gui != gui_select: gui = gui_select backend = backends[gui] return gui, backend
def DebugZZ(zz): import pylab pylab.figure pylab.plot(zz[:,0], zz[:,1]) pylab.show() pylab.close()
def mpl_runner(safe_execfile): """Factory to return a matplotlib-enabled runner for %run. Parameters ---------- safe_execfile : function This must be a function with the same interface as the :meth:`safe_execfile` method of IPython. Returns ------- A function suitable for use as the ``runner`` argument of the %run magic function. """ def mpl_execfile(fname,*where,**kw): """matplotlib-aware wrapper around safe_execfile. Its interface is identical to that of the :func:`execfile` builtin. This is ultimately a call to execfile(), but wrapped in safeties to properly handle interactive rendering.""" import matplotlib import matplotlib.pylab as pylab #print '*** Matplotlib runner ***' # dbg # turn off rendering until end of script is_interactive = matplotlib.rcParams['interactive'] matplotlib.interactive(False) safe_execfile(fname,*where,**kw) matplotlib.interactive(is_interactive) # make rendering call now, if the user tried to do it if pylab.draw_if_interactive.called: pylab.draw() pylab.draw_if_interactive.called = False return mpl_execfile
def test_abu_chart(self): from nugridpy import utils,ppn,data_plot import matplotlib matplotlib.use('agg') import matplotlib.pylab as mpy import os # Perform tests within temporary directory with TemporaryDirectory() as tdir: # wget the data for a ppn run from the CADC VOspace n = 3 for cycle in range(0,n): cycle_str = str(cycle).zfill(2) os.system("wget -q --content-disposition --directory '" + tdir + "' " + "'http://www.canfar.phys.uvic.ca/vospace/synctrans?TARGET="\ + "vos%3A%2F%2Fcadc.nrc.ca%21vospace%2Fnugrid%2Fdata%2Fprojects%2Fppn%2Fexamples%2F"\ + "ppn_Hburn_simple%2Fiso_massf000" + cycle_str + ".DAT&DIRECTION=pullFromVoSpace&PROTOCOL"\ + "=ivo%3A%2F%2Fivoa.net%2Fvospace%2Fcore%23httpget'") # test_data_dir should point to the correct location of a set of abundances data file #nugrid_dir= os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(ppn.__file__)) #NuPPN_dir= nugrid_dir + "/NuPPN" #test_data_dir= NuPPN_dir + "/examples/ppn_C13_pocket/master_results" p=ppn.abu_vector(tdir) # TODO: this function fails to raise an exception if path is not found! mp=p.get('mod') if len(mp) == 0: raise IOError("Cannot locate a set of abundance data files") sparse=10 cycles=mp[:1000:sparse] form_str='%6.1F' form_str1='%4.3F' i=0 for cyc in cycles: T9 = p.get('t9',fname=cyc) Rho = p.get('rho',fname=cyc) mod = p.get('mod',fname=cyc) # time= p.get('agej',fname=cyc)*utils.constants.one_year time= p.get('agej',fname=cyc) mpy.close(i);mpy.figure(i);i += 1 p.abu_chart(cyc,mass_range=[0,41],plotaxis=[-1,22,-1,22],lbound=(-6,0),show=False) mpy.title(str(mod)+' t='+form_str%time+'yr $T_9$='+form_str1%T9+' $\\rho$='+str(Rho)) png_file='abu_chart_'+str(cyc).zfill(len(str(max(mp))))+'.png' mpy.savefig(png_file) self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(png_file)) os.remove(png_file)
def select_figure_formats(shell, formats, **kwargs): """Select figure formats for the inline backend. Parameters ========== shell : InteractiveShell The main IPython instance. formats : str or set One or a set of figure formats to enable: 'png', 'retina', 'jpeg', 'svg', 'pdf'. **kwargs : any Extra keyword arguments to be passed to fig.canvas.print_figure. """ import matplotlib from matplotlib.figure import Figure svg_formatter = shell.display_formatter.formatters['image/svg+xml'] png_formatter = shell.display_formatter.formatters['image/png'] jpg_formatter = shell.display_formatter.formatters['image/jpeg'] pdf_formatter = shell.display_formatter.formatters['application/pdf'] if isinstance(formats, str): formats = {formats} # cast in case of list / tuple formats = set(formats) [ f.pop(Figure, None) for f in shell.display_formatter.formatters.values() ] mplbackend = matplotlib.get_backend().lower() if mplbackend == 'nbagg' or mplbackend == 'module://ipympl.backend_nbagg': formatter = shell.display_formatter.ipython_display_formatter formatter.for_type(Figure, _reshow_nbagg_figure) supported = {'png', 'png2x', 'retina', 'jpg', 'jpeg', 'svg', 'pdf'} bad = formats.difference(supported) if bad: bs = "%s" % ','.join([repr(f) for f in bad]) gs = "%s" % ','.join([repr(f) for f in supported]) raise ValueError("supported formats are: %s not %s" % (gs, bs)) if 'png' in formats: png_formatter.for_type(Figure, lambda fig: print_figure(fig, 'png', **kwargs)) if 'retina' in formats or 'png2x' in formats: png_formatter.for_type(Figure, lambda fig: retina_figure(fig, **kwargs)) if 'jpg' in formats or 'jpeg' in formats: jpg_formatter.for_type(Figure, lambda fig: print_figure(fig, 'jpg', **kwargs)) if 'svg' in formats: svg_formatter.for_type(Figure, lambda fig: print_figure(fig, 'svg', **kwargs)) if 'pdf' in formats: pdf_formatter.for_type(Figure, lambda fig: print_figure(fig, 'pdf', **kwargs)) #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Code for initializing matplotlib and importing pylab #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
def configure_inline_support(shell, backend): """Configure an IPython shell object for matplotlib use. Parameters ---------- shell : InteractiveShell instance backend : matplotlib backend """ # If using our svg payload backend, register the post-execution # function that will pick up the results for display. This can only be # done with access to the real shell object. # Note: if we can't load the inline backend, then there's no point # continuing (such as in terminal-only shells in environments without # zeromq available). try: from ipykernel.pylab.backend_inline import InlineBackend except ImportError: return import matplotlib cfg = InlineBackend.instance(parent=shell) cfg.shell = shell if cfg not in shell.configurables: shell.configurables.append(cfg) if backend == backends['inline']: from ipykernel.pylab.backend_inline import flush_figures shell.events.register('post_execute', flush_figures) # Save rcParams that will be overwrittern shell._saved_rcParams = {} for k in cfg.rc: shell._saved_rcParams[k] = matplotlib.rcParams[k] # load inline_rc matplotlib.rcParams.update(cfg.rc) new_backend_name = "inline" else: from ipykernel.pylab.backend_inline import flush_figures try: shell.events.unregister('post_execute', flush_figures) except ValueError: pass if hasattr(shell, '_saved_rcParams'): matplotlib.rcParams.update(shell._saved_rcParams) del shell._saved_rcParams new_backend_name = "other" # only enable the formats once -> don't change the enabled formats (which the user may # has changed) when getting another "%matplotlib inline" call. # See https://github.com/ipython/ipykernel/issues/29 cur_backend = getattr(configure_inline_support, "current_backend", "unset") if new_backend_name != cur_backend: # Setup the default figure format select_figure_formats(shell, cfg.figure_formats, **cfg.print_figure_kwargs) configure_inline_support.current_backend = new_backend_name
def pylab(self, line=''): """Load numpy and matplotlib to work interactively. This function lets you activate pylab (matplotlib, numpy and interactive support) at any point during an IPython session. %pylab makes the following imports:: import numpy import matplotlib from matplotlib import pylab, mlab, pyplot np = numpy plt = pyplot from IPython.display import display from IPython.core.pylabtools import figsize, getfigs from pylab import * from numpy import * If you pass `--no-import-all`, the last two `*` imports will be excluded. See the %matplotlib magic for more details about activating matplotlib without affecting the interactive namespace. """ args = magic_arguments.parse_argstring(self.pylab, line) if args.no_import_all is None: # get default from Application if Application.initialized(): app = Application.instance() try: import_all = app.pylab_import_all except AttributeError: import_all = True else: # nothing specified, no app - default True import_all = True else: # invert no-import flag import_all = not args.no_import_all gui, backend, clobbered = self.shell.enable_pylab(args.gui, import_all=import_all) self._show_matplotlib_backend(args.gui, backend) print ("Populating the interactive namespace from numpy and matplotlib") if clobbered: warn("pylab import has clobbered these variables: %s" % clobbered + "\n`%matplotlib` prevents importing * from pylab and numpy" )
def select_figure_formats(shell, formats, **kwargs): """Select figure formats for the inline backend. Parameters ========== shell : InteractiveShell The main IPython instance. formats : str or set One or a set of figure formats to enable: 'png', 'retina', 'jpeg', 'svg', 'pdf'. **kwargs : any Extra keyword arguments to be passed to fig.canvas.print_figure. """ import matplotlib from matplotlib.figure import Figure svg_formatter = shell.display_formatter.formatters['image/svg+xml'] png_formatter = shell.display_formatter.formatters['image/png'] jpg_formatter = shell.display_formatter.formatters['image/jpeg'] pdf_formatter = shell.display_formatter.formatters['application/pdf'] if isinstance(formats, py3compat.string_types): formats = {formats} # cast in case of list / tuple formats = set(formats) [ f.pop(Figure, None) for f in shell.display_formatter.formatters.values() ] mplbackend = matplotlib.get_backend().lower() if mplbackend == 'nbagg' or mplbackend == 'module://ipympl.backend_nbagg': formatter = shell.display_formatter.ipython_display_formatter formatter.for_type(Figure, _reshow_nbagg_figure) supported = {'png', 'png2x', 'retina', 'jpg', 'jpeg', 'svg', 'pdf'} bad = formats.difference(supported) if bad: bs = "%s" % ','.join([repr(f) for f in bad]) gs = "%s" % ','.join([repr(f) for f in supported]) raise ValueError("supported formats are: %s not %s" % (gs, bs)) if 'png' in formats: png_formatter.for_type(Figure, lambda fig: print_figure(fig, 'png', **kwargs)) if 'retina' in formats or 'png2x' in formats: png_formatter.for_type(Figure, lambda fig: retina_figure(fig, **kwargs)) if 'jpg' in formats or 'jpeg' in formats: jpg_formatter.for_type(Figure, lambda fig: print_figure(fig, 'jpg', **kwargs)) if 'svg' in formats: svg_formatter.for_type(Figure, lambda fig: print_figure(fig, 'svg', **kwargs)) if 'pdf' in formats: pdf_formatter.for_type(Figure, lambda fig: print_figure(fig, 'pdf', **kwargs)) #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Code for initializing matplotlib and importing pylab #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
def configure_inline_support(shell, backend): """Configure an IPython shell object for matplotlib use. Parameters ---------- shell : InteractiveShell instance backend : matplotlib backend """ # If using our svg payload backend, register the post-execution # function that will pick up the results for display. This can only be # done with access to the real shell object. # Note: if we can't load the inline backend, then there's no point # continuing (such as in terminal-only shells in environments without # zeromq available). try: from ipykernel.pylab.backend_inline import InlineBackend except ImportError: return import matplotlib cfg = InlineBackend.instance(parent=shell) cfg.shell = shell if cfg not in shell.configurables: shell.configurables.append(cfg) if backend == backends['inline']: from ipykernel.pylab.backend_inline import flush_figures shell.events.register('post_execute', flush_figures) # Save rcParams that will be overwrittern shell._saved_rcParams = dict() for k in cfg.rc: shell._saved_rcParams[k] = matplotlib.rcParams[k] # load inline_rc matplotlib.rcParams.update(cfg.rc) new_backend_name = "inline" else: from ipykernel.pylab.backend_inline import flush_figures try: shell.events.unregister('post_execute', flush_figures) except ValueError: pass if hasattr(shell, '_saved_rcParams'): matplotlib.rcParams.update(shell._saved_rcParams) del shell._saved_rcParams new_backend_name = "other" # only enable the formats once -> don't change the enabled formats (which the user may # has changed) when getting another "%matplotlib inline" call. # See https://github.com/ipython/ipykernel/issues/29 cur_backend = getattr(configure_inline_support, "current_backend", "unset") if new_backend_name != cur_backend: # Setup the default figure format select_figure_formats(shell, cfg.figure_formats, **cfg.print_figure_kwargs) configure_inline_support.current_backend = new_backend_name
def select_figure_formats(shell, formats, **kwargs): """Select figure formats for the inline backend. Parameters ========== shell : InteractiveShell The main IPython instance. formats : str or set One or a set of figure formats to enable: 'png', 'retina', 'jpeg', 'svg', 'pdf'. **kwargs : any Extra keyword arguments to be passed to fig.canvas.print_figure. """ import matplotlib from matplotlib.figure import Figure svg_formatter = shell.display_formatter.formatters['image/svg+xml'] png_formatter = shell.display_formatter.formatters['image/png'] jpg_formatter = shell.display_formatter.formatters['image/jpeg'] pdf_formatter = shell.display_formatter.formatters['application/pdf'] if isinstance(formats, py3compat.string_types): formats = {formats} # cast in case of list / tuple formats = set(formats) [ f.pop(Figure, None) for f in shell.display_formatter.formatters.values() ] if matplotlib.get_backend().lower() == 'nbagg': formatter = shell.display_formatter.ipython_display_formatter formatter.for_type(Figure, _reshow_nbagg_figure) supported = {'png', 'png2x', 'retina', 'jpg', 'jpeg', 'svg', 'pdf'} bad = formats.difference(supported) if bad: bs = "%s" % ','.join([repr(f) for f in bad]) gs = "%s" % ','.join([repr(f) for f in supported]) raise ValueError("supported formats are: %s not %s" % (gs, bs)) if 'png' in formats: png_formatter.for_type(Figure, lambda fig: print_figure(fig, 'png', **kwargs)) if 'retina' in formats or 'png2x' in formats: png_formatter.for_type(Figure, lambda fig: retina_figure(fig, **kwargs)) if 'jpg' in formats or 'jpeg' in formats: jpg_formatter.for_type(Figure, lambda fig: print_figure(fig, 'jpg', **kwargs)) if 'svg' in formats: svg_formatter.for_type(Figure, lambda fig: print_figure(fig, 'svg', **kwargs)) if 'pdf' in formats: pdf_formatter.for_type(Figure, lambda fig: print_figure(fig, 'pdf', **kwargs)) #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Code for initializing matplotlib and importing pylab #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
