Python with用法实例


python中with可以明显改进代码友好度,比如:

复制代码 代码如下:

with open('a.txt') as f:
print f.readlines()

为了我们自己的类也可以使用with, 只要给这个类增加两个函数enter, exit即可:

复制代码 代码如下:

class A:
def enter(self):
print 'in enter'
def exit(self, e_t, e_v, t_b):
print 'in exit'

with A() as a:
print 'in with'

in enter
in with
in exit

另外python库中还有一个模块contextlib,使你不用构造含有enter, exit的类就可以使用with:

复制代码 代码如下:

from contextlib import contextmanager
from future import with_statement
@contextmanager
... def context():
... print 'entering the zone'
... try:
... yield
... except Exception, e:
... print 'with an error %s'%e
... raise e
... else:
... print 'with no error'
...
with context():
... print '----in context call------'
...
entering the zone
----in context call------
with no error

使用的最多的就是这个contextmanager, 另外还有一个closing 用处不大

复制代码 代码如下:

from contextlib import closing
import urllib

with closing(urllib.urlopen('http://www.python.org')) as page:
for line in page:
print line